Role birds play dispersing seed….

[Equilibrium]

This is an article I found that’s from 2002 that’s sorta timeless, 'What role do birds play in dispersal of invasive plants?', http://www.se-eppc.org/pubs/ww/birdsSummer2002.pdf. What I like about it is that it explains endozoochoric fruits in a way we can “digest” it and “disperse” it. Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana) is one of the plants discussed but overall this is a really excellent article on the role birds play in the dispersal of invasive plants. Something I’m guilty of, “It is important to remember that the terms fruit and seed are not synony­mous, and that it is confusing when they are used interchangeably in the literature. Also, fruit consumption does not guarantee seed dispersal.”